What is Rosh Hashanah?

 

We say, שָׁנָה  טוֹבָה (Shanah Tovah, literally translated as Good Year) or Happy New Year (to our Jewish friends on Rosh Hashanah (רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה). It is the beginning of their calendar year. 

        It is like us Chinese celebrating the first day of the new calendar year. The Jewish year of 5782 starts on September 7, 2021 being the first month of the Jewish month, Tishrei. 

        The word 'rosh' (רֹאשׁ) means the 'head' or the 'chief' and 'shanah' (שָׁנשָה) means year.' 

        Biblically, this is also known as the Yom Teruah (יוֹם תְּרוּעַה) which can be translated as 'Day of Shouting.' 

        Although the Jews celebrate this day as one of their High Holy Days, being Gentile believers in Christ, Paul warned us against the influence of the Judaizers during his time.  

“Therefore no one is to act as your judge in regard to food or drink or in respect to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day — things which are a mere shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ." (Colossians 2:16–17)

  

Christ is Our Focus 

        Our focus should always be on Christ alone, who Alone is the culmination of all prophecies regarding Him and the fulfilment of all the requirements under the Law of Moses. The Law was given to the Israelites so that they could be goaded to the Messiah who was to come.

        Throughout His ministry, Jesus never instructed the disciples (who were Jews themselves) to teach others to follow the Jewish traditions; otherwise, the worldwide church would have been celebrating the Jewish feasts like our brethren of faith from the Jewish tradition. 

        Instead, Christ instituted only one -- the Lord's Supper, -- which is a culmination of all that He came for. This has been the tradition for both the Jewish and Gentile believers. 

        The dispute with the Judaisers became so intensive that the apostles had to call for the Council of Jerusalem, where all the instructions to the Gentile believers were summed up in these words with only four necessities spelt out clearly for the Gentile believers:

"For it seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay upon you no greater burden than these essentials:

 that you abstain from things sacrificed to idols and from blood and from things strangled and from fornication; if you keep yourselves free from such things, you will do well. Farewell.”

(Acts 15:28–29 NAS95)  

 

        Because Christ is the fulfilment of all the prophecies and feasts of the Old Testament, we are therefore, no longer required to celebrate the feasts as Gentile believers. 

        Those who quote scriptures in the Old Testament to support their idea that these feasts are meant to be celebrated by the Church, have failed to see that Christ is the substance and fulfilment of all the requirements and feasts under the Mosaic Law.  They bring others into bondage once again to the Law, when Christ's work on the Cross was supposed to set us free!

It is Finished!

        When Christ came, He lived a perfect life, free from sins. He was the perfect pascal lamb who was sacrificed as an atonement for our sins. Unlike the Jewish priestly traditions, our Lord only had to do it once and He did it for all. There was no need for Him to lay down His life every year like what the High Priest had to do with the pascal lamb once a year on Yom Kippur.

        On the cross, our Lord cried out, Τετέλεσται, which meant, 'It is finished!'  (John 19:30). Paraphrased, this means, "It's a done deal!" or "All debts paid!" 

        Jesus did not come to abolish the Law but to fulfil it (Matt 5:17):

“Do not think that I came to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I did not come to abolish but to fulfill.

        He has delivered us from the bondage of the Law that could not save us, so why, if we have been saved by God's grace, do we now go back to the Law? 

“Therefore no one is to act as your judge in regard to food or drink or in respect to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day — things which are a mere shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ." (Colossians 2:16–17)

Do Not Believe Everything You Hear

        On the Internet these days, there are many of this kind of teachings out there. 

        It is unfortunate that we continue to feed on this kind of junk food instead of the solid meat from the Word of God. 

        One can read so many meanings into the Word of God. This is called 'eisegesis' (meaning, reading meanings into the text). It's not necessarily only the Hebrew text, but even the English text, you can find so many so-called "hidden" or "secrets" messages. I call this 'theological rubbish.'

        God's Word, for one, will make it very clear if God wants us to know. Even when Jesus told the parables, He made sure the disciples understood the lessons from these parables. 

        The tragedy is that people speculate too much about the Bible. As Dr Koh Siang Kiang of Singapore Bible Seminary puts it: "The less the Lord speaks about the subject, the more is written or speculated about!"

        Do not believe everything that you hear. Instead, search the Scriptures to see if it is true.

YOU CAN'T READ HEBREW? NOW AVAILABLE TO YOU FOR FREE

July 3, 2021 

        After prayerful consideration, I have decided to bless you with this book by making it available to you for free in PDF format. 

        Thank God, I have managed to recover the cost of printing a limited edition of the book. This book is intended to help you learn Biblical Hebrew. God willing, I may try to write another book on koine Greek.

        You may download the PDF by clicking on either the book cover above or the link below: 

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1SnmCc2q99KCOn8cOT7VN-w6wLX5LW96P?usp=sharing

        If you would like to bless me, you may just make some transfer using Touch'n'Go. Please scan the QR code. 

        Alternatively, you may want to purchase the other leftover stock of books that I have written. You can purchase copies of these testimony books to give away as Christmas gifts:

• Ang Tang Loong: From Pest to Pest Controller. This book is about how a former gangster and drug addict has turned to Christ. He is today the founder of Stopest. 
• Sam Kian Seng: Kajang Redemption. In this book, Sam tells the story how he spent 27 years in Kajang prison.  

       You may want to purchase other books: 

https://booksbymalaysians.blogspot.com/2020/11/books-by-local-author-stephen-ng.html

        Please return to this page in about a week or two's time as I am still trying to sort out a software which I purchased tonight. It is supposed to convert the PDF into a flippable e-book but for some reason I am unable to do it. 

Why Christians celebrate Good Friday and Lord's Supper instead of Old Testament Feasts?

       Forget about modern day Easter Bunny and all the pagan festivals that Good Friday and Easter have replaced.

         It is unfortunate that there are also people teaching that we should instead of celebrating Good Friday and Easter, observe the feasts instituted pre-Christ era.

        Good Friday and Easter may have replaced what were formerly some pagan festivals; however, it is the significance of these two days in the Christian calendar that we need to focus on. 

         Good Friday is to remember Christ's death, whose crucifixion preceded His ultimate triumph over death -- for, after three days, Christ Himself was raised from the dead. This is the reason for Easter. The message of Christ resurrection should be shared out widely so that all mankind can now have hope. Christ is our First Fruit (1 Cor 15:20), marking the advent of the Holy Ghost upon the body of Christ on Pentecost. 

    Last Supper

        Going back to the last supper that Jesus had with His disciples, Jesus taught them the significance of the bread and cup:

While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.”

Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.” (Matthew 26:26-29)

      It is interesting that, although the Passover feast was approaching, the Lord never taught His disciples to just continue on with the traditions from the Old Testament since they were all Jews.

        Instead, why did He institute a new tradition - the Lord's Supper, which has been followed through two thousand years of Church History?

        This question begs to be answered: Wouldn't it be a lot easier for the disciples to carry on the traditions that they were already familiar with since birth? Why Lord's Supper instead of the Feast of the Unleavened Bread? 

         This leads to the next question: Why Good Friday instead of Yom Kippur and why Easter instead of Feast of the First Fruits? 

        In understanding the Scripture, we need to have both the Old and the New Testaments. There is a saying, "The Old Testament is the New Testament concealed; the New Testament is the Old Testament revealed." 

       The Reason for Good Friday

        As Paul clearly pointed out in Colossians 2:16-19, all feasts in the Old Testament pointed to Jesus who was coming. They were mere shadows of Christ's coming, meant for people who were living under the Old Covenant.

        For us, Christ came to accomplish the Law (Matthew 5:17). He was the last Pascal Lamb who came to fulfil all the requirements under the Old Covenant. Having been found perfect and blameless, this Lamb of God offered Himself to be sacrificed as the Pascal Lamb of God. His sacrifice alone was sufficient to redeem mankind from the curse of sin. After Him, there is no need for any other lamb to be sacrificed anymore! For this reason, Christians no longer observe Yom Kippur. 

        For the same reason, Christians do not celebrate the other feasts which God instituted for the Israelites who lived before the coming of the Messiah.

        Let's read the words of Paul again, focusing manly on the last few words (in bold): 

Therefore no one is to act as your judge in regard to food or drink or in respect to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath day— things which are a mere shadow of what is to come; but the substance belongs to Christ.

        This Good Friday, let us be ever grateful to our Lord who went to the Cross for our sake. You can read more about the fulfilment of the seven feasts in Christ Himself. Click here.

                I leave with you to read what a brother-in-Christ, Isuru from Sri Lanka             has written: 7 sayings of Jesus Christ on the cross – Blog by True God

WHY FORMAL HEBREW CLASSES USING A TEXT BOOK ARE IMPORTANT?

 

You have probably asked why formal Hebrew classes using a textbook are important? Why can't you learn Hebrew ad hoc? 


        If you look at the word that I have highlighted in the text, you will see it begins with the prefix 'ha'. Most of you would have thought of interpreting it immediately as 'the' (definite article) but how can it be 'the' when the word is a verb? You know that, even in English, you cannot put a definite article to a verb. The definite article is only in front of a noun but what if 'ha' is in front of or before (prefixed to) a verb? 

        If you look at the popped-up dictionary on Accordance Bible, it shows 'hifil imperfect'. After you have gone through the Hebrew classes, you will understand what is 'hifil imperfect'. 

Why Textbook?

        The beauty of doing it using a textbook is that, after you have forgotten what is the meaning  of hifil, you roughly know where to refer in the textbook. You won't be able to do this if you attend classes ad hoc here and there. Ad hoc classes will give you only very superficial understanding of Hebrew and it is superficial learning of Hebrew that leads to all the wrong interpretations of the Bible. You will have people saying Jehovah is 'the god of destruction' or even 'the name of the supremely evil.' This is all theological rubbish to me! 

        Now, see how I have scribbled it on Weingreen (textbook) and noted down that 'hifil' as 'causative'. 

        What is causative? It means an action caused by someone or something. For example, the king is `made great' by the Lord. You have the king on one hand and the Lord on the other hand. If the word 'gadol' (adjective,'great') is added a prefix 'hey' to become 'higdil' (a hifil), the word now suggests that it is the Lord who made the king great. 

        

    

        You will also learn that the word that I highlighted is a 'hifil imperfect.' When I refer to the table in Weingreen again, now it is beginning to sink in what I had learnt before. Hifil has the hiriq as the first nikud 'i' (hence, higdil) but when you change it a patach, you know it is imperfect. Imperfect means an action that has not been completed. In contrast to the perfect, the imperfect tells us that it is still ongoing, continuous and will be still happening in the future. 

You will see it and understand

        Yes, you won't see it now! But, trust me, if you are patient to go through the formal classes to learn the language proper, you will understand Hebrew so much better. 

        In this case, the word 'haskilu' is a hifil imperfect masculine plural which means 'to be wise, prudent, understand.' By this, once you have learnt the language proper, you will understand that it is causative (verb shows there is a cause/effect involved here), imperfect and the shuruk used as a suffix (attached to the end of the word) refers to masculine plural (a group of men). 

        Then, you will understand that this verb 'haskilu' refers to the kings. Kings are men and plural. Then, when you look at the context of the sentence, you will learn that the psalmist was urging the kings to (cause) show wisdom in their judgement. 

        You can therefore safely translate this part of the verse as '

        Cause all your judgements to be wise, O kings!" 

   or 'O kings, apply discernment to (or wisdom in) your judgements.' 

        The NASB translates it as 'Now, therefore, O kings, show discernment'. The English translation is static. That's why you are asked sometimes to refer to different English translations. That is the best you can do but you won't know what is the original text to be able to appreciate the meaning more. There is a lot more to the Hebrew used in the Old Testament.

        Once you know the text in the original language, you can give your own variety to the translation so long as it does not deviate from the rules that govern the language or out of the context of the verse.

        Other things that you will see when you read the Old Testament in its original language:

       (a) You will also learn that the name Absalom means 'father of peace.' When David named his Absalom, he had good intentions for him to be a father of peace. Instead, Absalom never lived up to his reputation. 

        (b) Look at this blogpost and you will understand why I say it is theological rubbish when I heard a video of a Westerner who taught that the hey added to Abram's name gave him a new zest of life. In the message I saw on video, this guy was basically introducing Eastern form of Transcendental Meditation when he told people to breathe in and breathe out the name YHWH. 

        Some local pastors are adopting this 'hey' and teaching in churches as a way to interpret Hebrew! Sadly, many are being misled as a result. As the Lord said in the last days, many false prophets and false Christs will arise and lead even the elect astray. We have to be extra cautious these days especially with the accessibility to all sorts of teachings on the Internet. We need to be properly equipped with the word of God to safeguard our faith. 

ZECHARIAH 13: The Fountain of Living Water and the One Shepherd

 

Read Zechariah Chapter 12                                       Read Zechariah Chapter 14        

Zechariah chapter 13:

A simple exegesis based on grammatical observations of the Hebrew text. Some references to Bible Commentaries and Hebrew Lexicons are made to enhance my understanding of the text

By Stephen Ng

‏

‎Zech. 13:1‏ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִֽהְיֶה֙ מָק֣וֹר נִפְתָּ֔ח

לְבֵ֥ית דָּוִ֖יד וּלְיֹשְׁבֵ֣י יְרֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם

לְחַטַּ֖את וּלְנִדָּֽה׃

‎Zech. 13:2‏ וְהָיָה֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַה֜וּא נְאֻ֣ם ׀ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת

אַכְרִ֞ית אֶת־שְׁמ֤וֹת הָֽעֲצַבִּים֙ מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְלֹ֥א יִזָּכְר֖וּ ע֑וֹד

וְגַ֧ם אֶת־הַנְּבִיאִ֛ים וְאֶת־ר֥וּחַ הַטֻּמְאָ֖ה אַעֲבִ֥יר מִן־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

‎Zech. 13:3‏ וְהָיָ֗ה כִּֽי־יִנָּבֵ֣א אִישׁ֮ עוֹד֒

וְאָמְר֣וּ אֵ֠לָיו אָבִ֨יו וְאִמּ֤וֹ יֹֽלְדָיו֙ לֹ֣א תִֽחְיֶ֔ה כִּ֛י שֶׁ֥קֶר דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ בְּשֵׁ֣ם יְהוָ֑ה

וּדְקָרֻ֜הוּ אָבִ֧יהוּ וְאִמּ֛וֹ יֹלְדָ֖יו בְּהִנָּבְאֽוֹ׃

‎Zech. 13:4‏ וְהָיָ֣ה ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא

יֵבֹ֧שׁוּ הַנְּבִיאִ֛ים אִ֥ישׁ מֵחֶזְיֹנ֖וֹ בְּהִנָּֽבְאֹת֑וֹ וְלֹ֧א יִלְבְּשׁ֛וּ אַדֶּ֥רֶת שֵׂעָ֖ר לְמַ֥עַן כַּחֵֽשׁ׃

‎Zech. 13:5‏ וְאָמַ֕ר לֹ֥א נָבִ֖יא אָנֹ֑כִי

אִישׁ־עֹבֵ֤ד אֲדָמָה֙ אָנֹ֔כִי

כִּ֥י אָדָ֖ם הִקְנַ֥נִי מִנְּעוּרָֽי׃

‎Zech. 13:6‏ וְאָמַ֣ר אֵלָ֔יו

מָ֧ה הַמַּכּ֛וֹת הָאֵ֖לֶּה בֵּ֣ין יָדֶ֑יךָ

וְאָמַ֕ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר הֻכֵּ֖יתִי בֵּ֥ית מְאַהֲבָֽי׃ ס

‎Zech. 13:7‏ חֶ֗רֶב עוּרִ֤י עַל־רֹעִי֙ וְעַל־גֶּ֣בֶר עֲמִיתִ֔י

נְאֻ֖ם יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת

הַ֤ךְ אֶת־הָֽרֹעֶה֙ וּתְפוּצֶ֣יןָ הַצֹּ֔אן

וַהֲשִׁבֹתִ֥י יָדִ֖י עַל־הַצֹּעֲרִֽים׃

‎Zech. 13:8‏ וְהָיָ֤ה בְכָל־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ נְאֻם־יְהוָ֔ה

פִּֽי־שְׁנַ֣יִם בָּ֔הּ יִכָּרְת֖וּ יִגְוָ֑עוּ

וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖ית יִוָּ֥תֶר בָּֽהּ׃

‎Zech. 13:9‏ וְהֵבֵאתִ֤י אֶת־הַשְּׁלִשִׁית֙ בָּאֵ֔שׁ וּצְרַפְתִּים֙ כִּצְרֹ֣ף אֶת־הַכֶּ֔סֶף

וּבְחַנְתִּ֖ים כִּבְחֹ֣ן אֶת־הַזָּהָ֑ב

ה֣וּא ׀ יִקְרָ֣א בִשְׁמִ֗י

וַֽאֲנִי֙ אֶעֱנֶ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ

אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ עַמִּ֣י ה֔וּא

וְה֥וּא יֹאמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽי׃ ס

 

           

         Chapter 13 is a continuation of the poetic writing from the previous chapter. This chapter can be divided into two sections:

·       Verses 1-6: God’s future dealings with the house of Israel and the inhabitants of Jerusalem where there will be a fountain that heals; both the idols and false prophets will be cut off from the land.

·       Verses 7-9: The LORD in that day will strike the Shepherd and the sheep will be dispersed. This reference is used later by the Lord Jesus Himself when speaking to the disciples about His crucifixion.

 

Verses 1-6

         Chapter 13 opens with the phrase, בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא in verses 1, 2 and 4, which is translated as ‘In that day.’ In fact, in the entire Tanakh, this phrase appears 208 times, and 22 in the book of Zechariah. The phrase is used either to speak of a day in the past, or into the future.

         Notice that the yiqtol (qal imperfect, יִהְיֶה) in this passage appears first, followed by the weqatal (or past perfect consecutive וְהָיָה). The Hebrew word יִהְיֶה can be translated as ‘it will be’; this is therefore a narrative about the future.

         While in other passages, it could refer to a specific day in the past, for example, in Genesis 15:18 where God made a covenant with Abram, in Zechariah, the phrase when accompanied by a yiqtol (qal imperfect) יִהְיֶה and a weqatal (qal perfect consecutive) וְהָיָה, refers to a day in the distant future when this entire narrative refers to.

         In “that day”, Zechariah tells us in chapter 13, that:

(a)        Verse 1 starts with the yiqtol (qal imperfect): A fountain (מָק֣וֹר) will be opened. This is not an ordinary fountain, but it is referred to elsewhere in Jeremiah 2:13 ַand 17:13 as מְקוֹר ׀ מַיִם חַיִּים (literally, ‘a fountain of water of life’ or the ‘fountain of living water’). In John 4:10[1] and 7:38[2], Jesus later hinted to Himself as the source of this living water.

(b)        Following the yiqtol verb in verse 1, verses 2-6 then begin with the weqatal (qal perfect consecutive) which describes things that will happen.

·       Verse 2: The LORD of Hosts will cut off the sin of idolatry from the land (of Israel) and cause people to remember no more the names of these gods that they had worshipped. A warning is issued out to the false prophets that like the idols, they, too, will be removed if they do not turn from their ways.

·       Verse 3: the prophets who speaks falsely in the name of the LORD will see their own death. This is how serious is the sin of the false prophets who speak in God’s Name. This is a serious warning to those who love to say, “God spoke to me” or “The Lord gave me a new revelation.”

·       Verse 4: the false prophets will be confounded as their prophecies will be found to be nothing, but some lies. This is a nuance derived from the phrase,

“וְלֹ֧א יִלְבְּשׁ֛וּ אַדֶּ֥רֶת שֵׂעָ֖ר לְמַ֥עַן כַּחֵֽשׁ׃”

(Zechariah 13:4 HMT-W4)

This is translated by the NASB as: “and they will not put on a hairy robe in order to deceive;” (Zechariah 13:4 NAS95)

 

This recalls the competition between Esau and Jacob. Esau, being the forefather of the Edomites, moved to the land of Seir (Genesis 36:8-9) which was popular for red sandstone on the southeast of the Dead Sea. The Hebrew word for Seir (‏שֵׂעִיר‎) is like the word for “hairy” (‏שֵׂעָר‎). “Seir” and “Mount Seir”, therefore, became synonyms for Edom (2 Chron. 20:10; 25:11; Ezek. 35:15).^[3] At the same time, the hairy cloak could also be an allusion to Elijah’s clothes (2 Kings 1:8), as Elijah was considered one of the greatest prophets in the Old Testament.^[4]

·       Verse 5: It will come a time when the false prophets will know that the title that they have been carrying is worth less than the lowest of the professions – a tiller of the ground (like Cain) and a slave sold in his youth (like Joseph into Egypt where the free Hebrews were already despised, what is worse, a slave!). For fear of their own lives, these false prophets will deny emphatically that they are prophets. The word וְאָמַ֕ר is a weqatal (or qal perfect consecutive)

וְאָמַ֕ר לֹ֥א נָבִ֖יא אָנֹ֑כִי

(Zechariah 13:5 HMT-W4)

 

·       Verse 6: Instead of acknowledging that the wounds they received were from the sword (חֶרֶב) of the LORD (refer verse 7), for speaking false prophecies using the LORD’s name, they will try to hide their identities. Just as they were prepared to lie, they will continue lying about the wound they received as just ordinary wounds.

 

Verses 7-9

         Verses 7-8 is a prophetic vision about the one Shepherd whom the LORD of Hosts consider as his Associate or Friend (עֲמִיתִ). Isaiah later spoke about the bruised Messiah (Isaiah 53:4-7). The Victor riding on the donkey entering Jerusalem will first be smitten, and His own disciples will abandon him like scattered sheep (Matthew 26:31, 56).^[5]

Zechariah goes on to speak about the remnant of Israel who will be refined as silver (כֶּסֶף) or gold (זָּהָב) tested by fire (אֵשׁ). It is only after they are refined and tested by fire that they will call on the name of the LORD

 וְה֥וּא יֹאמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽי

(Zechariah 13:9 HMT-W4)

 

Lindsey explains the purpose of God’s judgement on the people of Israel:

The surviving remnant will have been purged and purified by the persecutions in the Tribulation, as well as by God’s judgment on living Israel at the Second Advent (cf. Ezek. 20:33-38; Matt. 25:1-30). They will call on the name of the Lord in faith (Zech. 12:10-13:1) and become a restored nation (Rom. 11:26-27). Their renewed covenant relationship with the Lord (Hosea 1-2; Jer. 32:38-41; Ezek. 37:23-28) will be reflected in God’s words, They are My people (cf. Zech. 8:8), and the people’s response, The LORD is our (lit., “my”) God (cf. Hosea 2:21-23).^[6]

 

         Chapter 13 is not the end. It is what Chapter 14 unfolds that raises hope for the people of God.

---

[1] “Jesus answered and said to her, “If you knew the gift of God, and who it is who says to you, ‘Give Me a drink,’ you would have asked Him, and He would have given you living water.”” (John 4:10 NAS95)

[2] ““He who believes in Me, as the Scripture said, ‘From his innermost being will flow rivers of living water.’””

(John 7:38 NAS95)

^[3]Walter L. Baker, Obadiah (The Bible Knowledge Commentary; ed. John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck; Accordance electronic ed. 2 vols.; Wheaton: Victor Books, 1985), 1:1454.

^[4]Edwin A. Blum and Jeremy Royal Howard, eds. HCSB Study Bible: Holman Christian Standard Bible. Accordance electronic ed. (Nashville: Holman Bible Publishers, 2010), paragraph 17264.

^[5]F. Duane Lindsey, Zechariah (The Bible Knowledge Commentary; ed. John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck; Accordance electronic ed. 2 vols.; Wheaton: Victor Books, 1985), paragraph 19826.

^[6]F. Duane Lindsey, Zechariah (The Bible Knowledge Commentary; ed. John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck; Accordance electronic ed. 2 vols.; Wheaton: Victor Books, 1985), paragraph 19827.